Glossary of Terms

Bid/Ask Midpoint (Market Price)
The midpoint between the highest bid and the lowest offer on the listing exchange, as of the time that the Fund's NAV is calculated (usually 4:00 pm ET).

Discount
The amount an ETF is trading below the reported NAV expressed as a percentage of NAV.

Dividend Yield
A financial ratio that shows how much an ETF pays out in dividends each year relative to its share price. In the absence of any capital gains, the dividend yield is the return on investment for a stock.

IOPV (Indicative Optimized Portfolio Value)
A calculation disseminated by the stock exchange that approximates the fund's NAV every 15 seconds throughout the day.

Net Asset Value (NAV)
NAV is the price per share at which each fund issues and redeems shares. It is calculated by the fund accountants in accordance with the standard formula for valuing mutual fund shares at the close of regular trading (normally 4:00 p.m. ET) every day the New York Stock Exchange is open.

Premium
The amount an ETF is trading above the reported NAV expressed as a percentage of the NAV.

Price to Earning Ratio
A valuation ratio of an ETF's current share price compared to its per-share earnings.

SEC Yield
A standard yield calculation developed by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) that allows for fairer comparisons of bond funds. It is based on the most recent 30-day period covered by the fund's filings with the SEC. The yield figure reflects the dividends and interest earned during the period, after the deduction of the fund's expenses. This is also referred to as the "standardized yield."

Shares Outstanding
Stock currently held by investors, including restricted shares owned by the company's officers and insiders, as well as those held by the public. Shares that have been repurchased by the company are not considered outstanding stock.

Volume
The number of shares or contracts traded in a security or an entire market during a given period of time. It is simply the amount of shares that trade hands from sellers to buyers as a measure of activity. If a buyer of a stock purchases 100 shares from a seller, then the volume for that period increases by 100 shares based on that transaction.

Distribution Definitions

Ex-Date
The date on or after which a security is traded without a previously declared dividend or distribution. After the ex-date, a stock is said to trade ex-dividend.

Long Term Capital Gains
A gain or loss from a qualifying investment owned for longer than 12 months and then sold. The amount of an asset sale that counts toward a capital gain or loss is the difference between the sale value and the purchase value. Long-term capital gains are assigned a lower tax rate than short-term capital gains in the United States.

Payable Date
The date on which a declared stock dividend is scheduled to be paid.

Record Date
The date established by an issuer of a security for the purpose of determining the holders who are entitled to receive a dividend or distribution.

Short Term Capital Gains
A capital gain realized by the sale or exchange of a capital asset that has been held for exactly one year or less. Short-term gains are taxed at the taxpayer's top marginal tax rate.

Maximum Drawdown
A drawdown is any losing period during an investment. It is defined as the percent retrenchment from an equity peak to an equity valley. A drawdown starts with the beginning of an equity retrenchment and continuous until a new equity high is reached. A drawdown encompasses both the period from the equity peak to the equity valley (length) and the time from the equity valley to the new equity high (recovery). 

Standard Deviation (Volatility)
Standard Deviation measures the degree of variation/uncertainty of returns around the mean/average return. The higher the volatility of the investment returns, the higher the standard deviation. That is why the standard deviation is often used as a measure of risk.

Correlation
The correlation coefficient is a statistical measure of the degree of linear relationship between two variables. The correlation coefficient may take on any value between plus and minus one. The sign of the correlation coefficient (+ , -) defines the direction of the relationship, either positive or negative. A positive correlation coefficient means that as the value of one variable increases, the value of the other variable increases as well; as one decreases the other decreases too.   

Upside/Downside Capture
Up capture looks only at the periods when the benchmark is up. It is simply the return looking at only those periods for the fund divided by the return looking at only those periods for the benchmark. Down capture is the same thing but looks at the periods when the benchmark is down.   

Consecutive Gains (Losses)
Shows rates of return calculated for a period of consecutive winning/positive months.   

Current Drawdown
The current losing period.

Monthly Drawdown
The biggest losing period during this month. 

Yearly Drawdown
The biggest losing period during this year.

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